#include <stddef.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <ctype.h>

char **str_split(char* a_str, const char a_delim)
{
    char** result    = 0;
    size_t count     = 0;
    char* tmp        = a_str;
    char* last_comma = 0;
    char delim[2];
    delim[0] = a_delim;
    delim[1] = 0;
    /* Count how many elements will be extracted. */
    while (*tmp)
    {
        if (a_delim == *tmp)
        {
            count++;
            last_comma = tmp;
        }
        tmp++;
    }
    /* Add space for trailing token. */
    count += last_comma < (a_str + strlen(a_str) - 1);
    /* Add space for terminating null string so caller
       knows where the list of returned strings ends. */
    count++;
    result = malloc(sizeof(char*) * count);
    if (result)
    {
        size_t idx  = 0;
        char* token = strtok(a_str, delim);
        while (token)
        {
            assert(idx < count);
            *(result + idx++) = strdup(token);
            token = strtok(0, delim);
        }
        assert(idx == count - 1);
        *(result + idx) = 0;
    }
    return result;
}

// Note: This function returns a pointer to a substring of the original string.
// If the given string was allocated dynamically, the caller must not overwrite
// that pointer with the returned value, since the original pointer must be
// deallocated using the same allocator with which it was allocated.  The return
// value must NOT be deallocated using free() etc.
char *trimwhitespace(char *str)
{
    char *end;
    // Trim leading space
    while(isspace((unsigned char)*str)) str++;
    if(*str == 0)  // All spaces?
        return str;
    // Trim trailing space
    end = str + strlen(str) - 1;
    while(end > str && isspace((unsigned char)*end)) end--;
    // Write new null terminator character
    end[1] = '\0';
    return str;
}

void replace(char *target, const char *needle, const char *replacement)
{
    char buffer[1024] = { 0 };
    char *insert_point = &buffer[0];
    const char *tmp = target;
    size_t needle_len = strlen(needle);
    size_t repl_len = strlen(replacement);
    while (1) {
        const char *p = strstr(tmp, needle);
        if (p == NULL) { // walked past last occurrence of needle; copy remaining part
            strcpy(insert_point, tmp);
            break;
        }
        memcpy(insert_point, tmp, p - tmp); // copy part before needle
        insert_point += p - tmp;
        memcpy(insert_point, replacement, repl_len); // copy replacement string
        insert_point += repl_len;
        tmp = p + needle_len;
    }
    strcpy(target, buffer);
}